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The Impact of Resistance Exercise Training on Glycemic Control Among Adults with Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Systematic review and meta-analysis of 46 RCTs (n=2,130) through January 2024: resistance training versus control lowered HbA1c by 0.50 percentage points and fasting glucose by 12.03 mg/dL in adults with type 2 diabetes.
Design
- Databases: CINAHL, PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE through 30 Jan 2024
- Included: 46 RCTs; n = 2,130 adults with T2DM; RT vs control
- Model: inverse-variance random effects; MD with 95% CI
Primary pooled signals (abstract)
- HbA1c: MD −0.50% (95% CI −0.67 to −0.34; p < .00001)
- Fasting glucose: MD −12.03 mg/dL (95% CI −19.36 to −4.69; p = .001)
Subgroup / meta-regression caveats
Authors report several subgroup drivers for HbA1c and fasting glucose while meta-regression did not find significant slopes for publication year, sessions/week, mean age, sample size, or study-quality scores—read forest plots before prescribing sets/reps.
Publication
Wan Y, Su Z, et al. SAGE Open Med. 2024 Apr 9;12:20503121241246272. PMID 38623887.
Outcomes
- HbA1c (Glycated Hemoglobin)-0.5
- HbA1c (Glycated Hemoglobin)Pooled fasting glucose MD −12.03 mg/dL (95% CI −19.36 to −4.69; p=0.001) reported alongside HbA1c endpoint in the same meta-analysis.